The effect of drainage in cavities on preventing from grade B and C of the pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of drainage in cavities on preventing from grade B and C of the pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2008 to June 2010, the medical team had performed the operations of digestive tract reconstruction by the same way in 68 cases with PD. There were 43 male and 25 female patients, with a mean age of (64 ± 3) years. The patients were simply randomly divided into drainage in cavities group (DC, n = 32) and conventional drainage group (CD, n = 36) according to the different drainage way. The methods of drainage in cavities were composed of three aspects which include drainage in main pancreatic duct, drainage around cholecystojejunostomy anastomosis and peripancreatic drainage. The clinical parameters of the two groups were collected. The characteristics of the drainage juice which include color, volume and amylase value in the two groups were compared. The incidence and severity grading of pancreatic fistula between the two groups were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average of amylase value and the peripancreatic drainage flow were (1401 ± 8) U/L and (49 ± 5) ml in the DC group. Their average in the CD group were (2160 ± 13) U/L and (76 ± 4) ml. There was significant statistical difference in the peripancreatic drainage flow between the two groups (t = 2.597, P = 0.031). The amylase values of the drainage juice between the two groups were of no statistical difference (P > 0.05). According to the definition of pancreatic fistula by an international study group, the incidence of pancreatic fistula in the DC group was 25.0% (8/32) and the CD group 30.5% (11/36) (P > 0.05). The proportion of grades B and C of pancreatic fistula in the DC group had statistical difference compared with one of the CD group (χ(2) = 4.797, P = 0.029).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Drainage in cavities could significantly decrease and the occurring ratio of grade B and C of pancreatic fistula after PD.</p>

Study on six-minute walk test and cardiac output response against exercise in patients with chronic heart failure / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the significance of cardiac output (CO) response against exercise determined by IGR method and LVEF, 6 MWT distance in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To adopt 6 MWT, and before and after the test measuring the CO by the IGR method, furthermore, measure LVEF to 36 patients (heart failure group) with CHF, compare with the health groups (control group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 6MWT distance of heart failure group (333.00 +/- 49.64) m decrease compared with the control group (582.56 +/- 67.97) m (P < 0.01), moreover, the distance of NYHA class III (314.82 +/- 36.27) m is significantly shorter than II (361.57 +/- 55.42) m (P < 0.05). The LVEF of heart failure group (47.0 +/- 0.4)% reduce compared with the control group (66.9 +/- 5.2)% (P < 0.01), and the data of NYHA class III (43.3 +/- 10.3)% is significantly lower than II (52.8 +/- 7.6)% (P < 0.01). The increase in CO response against exercise of heart failure group (5.97 +/- 1.89) L/min decrease compared with control group (8.88 +/- 0.52) L/min (P < 0.01), furthermore, the value of NYHA class III (5.31 +/- 1.52) L/min, compared with II (7.01 +/- 1.98)L/min, is obviously lower (P < 0.01). The 6MWT distance correlates positively with the increase in CO response against exercise (r = 0.63, P < 0.01), but the correlation is not found between the increase CO response against exercise and the LVEF (r = 0.11, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results show that CO response against exercise measured by IGR method, with the advantages of being noninvasive, safe, convenient and accurate, combining with the 6MWT can evaluate cardiac reserve in patient with CHF.</p>

The effect of ginkgolide B on action potential, L-type calcium current and delayed rectifier potassium current in ischemic guinea pig ventricular myocytes / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of ginkgolide B from Ginkgo leave on action potential (AP), L-type calcium current (I(Ca) - L) and delayed rectifier potassium current (I(K)) in normal and ischemic guinea pig ventricular myocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With the standard microelectrode technique to record action potential and whole-cell variant patch-clamp technique to record calcium and potassium current.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Under normal condition, ginkgolide B shortened APD and had no effect on RP, AP and V(max). Ginkgolide B also increased I(K) in a concentration dependent manner and had no significant effect on I(Ca) - L (2) Under ischemia condition, it was observed that shortening of APD, APA, decrease V(max) and depolarization of RP was induced by ischemia, but ginkgolide B could attenuate above--mentioned changes. (3) Under ischemia condition, I(Ca) - L and I(K) were inhibited, perfusion with ischemia solution containing ginkgolide B could reverse the decrease of I(Ca) - L and I(K).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginkgolide B had protective effect on ischemic myocardium to prevent ischemic arrhythmia.</p>